Colorectal Cancer: It's preventable and treatable but it's the 2nd leading cause of cancer death

Even though colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among Americans, it is preventable and treatable.

Colorectal cancer affects people in all racial and ethnic grounds, especially those over the age of 50. In fact, the National Cancer Institute estimates 1 in 20 adults over the age of 50 will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Dr. Henry Govekar, colorectal surgeon, at Advocate Good Samaritan Hospital in Downers Grove, Ill., says colorectal cancer can be prevented.

"Living an active and healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. It's important to incorporate fruits, vegetables and high fiber foods in your daily diet, while limiting processed foods and red meat," says Dr. Govekar.

While colorectal cancer can go undetected at first, it may cause one or more of the following symptoms:

Change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation or narrowing of the stool

Rectal bleeding with bright red blood

Blood in the stool that can make the stool look dark red

Cramping or belly pain

Weakness and fatigue

Unintended weight loss

"If there are any changes in bowel habits, bleeding or unexplained weight loss, it's important to see a physician right away," says Dr. Govekar. "Polyps and early stage cancer can be found during the screening and are easier to treat when found early."

However, even if you are not experiencing these symptoms, it's important to follow the Centers for Disease Control's recommended screening guidelines. Screening tests can detect precancerous polyps, which can be removed before they have a chance to turn into cancer. Screening tests can also detect cancer early, when treatment is most effective.

Dr. Govekar suggests patients get their first colonoscopy at the age of 50. However, earlier screenings may be required for those with a family history of colorectal cancer or those who suffer from inflammatory bowel disease or genetic alterations. Consult with a primary physician, gastroenterologist or colorectal surgeon to discuss these guidelines.

Advocate Health Care offers a colorectal health assessment to help patients determine their risk of developing colon and rectal cancer in addition to screening options and guidelines.