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Protests spread as Bolivia says Morales near outright win

LA PAZ, Bolivia (AP) - President Evo Morales is close to avoiding a runoff in his re-election bid, Bolivia's top electoral authority said Monday night as protests multiplied in the country amid rising tensions a day after a sudden halt in the release of returns.

Opponents suggested that officials were trying to help Morales avoid a runoff fight in which he could lose to a unified opposition, while an observer mission from the Organization of American States expressed concern about the development.

Morales topped the eight other candidates in Sunday's presidential election, but the last released results showed him falling a few points short of the percentage needed to avoid the first runoff in his nearly 14 years in power.

Still, he claimed an outright victory late Sunday, saying the uncounted votes would be enough to give him a fourth term. He told supporters at the presidential palace that "the people again imposed their will."

Bolivia's top electoral authority stopped announcing new results at 7:45 p.m. Sunday - a point at which Morales had a lead of 45.3% to 38.2% over the second-place candidate, former President Carlos Mesa. On Monday night, the body renewed its preliminary count and said that with 95% of votes counted, Morales led 46.41% to Mesa's 37.06%.

Under Bolivian law, Morales would need a 10-percentage point advantage over Mesa to avoid a second-round election in December. The official final count is not due for seven days.

Mesa, who had warned earlier that there could be "manipulation of the vote to impede a second round" of voting, called on citizens and civic groups "to conduct a battle in defense of the vote."

"They can't take away democracy from us," Mesa said at a gathering of his supporters in Santa Cruz, a stronghold of opposition to Morales.

The OAS observer mission issued a statement calling on electoral officials "to firmly defend the will of the Bolivian citizenry."

"The OAS Mission expresses its deep concern and surprise at the drastic and hard-to-explain change in the trend of the preliminary results revealed after the closing of the polls," it added.

The interior minister, Carlos Romero, accused the opposition of trying to create trouble, warning that "they have to take care of the violence they're generating."

Groups of Bolivians demonstrated in favor of Morales and others against him outside vote-counting centers across the country Monday. By nightfall, clashes between the two sides broke out in places, and police in La Paz used tear gas trying to quell the fighting.

"There is a heightened risk of social unrest at the moment," said Rodrigo Riaza, a research analyst for Latin America and the Caribbean at the Economist Intelligence Unit.

"If Morales wins outright in the first round, the opposition will double down on their claims of fraud, which they have built up throughout the campaign. Protests would follow, although they are unlikely to topple Morales," Riaza said. "International support would be weak, as there is little appetite in the region to contest Morales' legitimacy."

Morales, 59, a native Aymara from Bolivia's highlands, came to prominence leading social protests and rose to power as the country' first indigenous president in 2006. Since then, he has coasted to two re-election victories and presided over more than a decade of business-boosting economic growth in South America's poorest country.

Following a boom in commodities prices, Morales paved roads, sent Bolivia's first satellite to space and curbed inflation. Stadiums, markets, schools, state enterprises and even a village bear his name.

Being forced into a runoff would be a sharp blow to Morales, "whose political success has been impressive and who seemed confident of a first-round win," said Michael Shifter, head of the Inter-American Dialogue, a Washington-based think tank. "Morales' failure to achieve a first-round victory reflects growing concern about a slowing economy, corruption scandals and his determination to pursue a fourth term in defiance of a national referendum and the Bolivian constitution. Many Bolivians are simply weary. If re-elected, Evo will be in office nearly two decades."

Mesa is a 66-year-old historian who as vice president rose to Bolivia's top office when his predecessor resigned the presidency in 2003 amid widespread protests. Mesa then stepped aside himself in 2005 amid renewed demonstrations led by Morales, who was then leader of the coca growers union.

"In a second round the question will be if the opposition can unite behind one candidate," said Christopher Sabatini, a lecturer at the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University in New York and a senior research fellow at Chatham House. "In that case Evo may try to divide the opposition and use state resources to guarantee his victory."

To avoid a runoff and win outright in Bolivia, Morales would have needed to get 50% of the votes plus one or have 40% and finish 10 percentage points ahead of the nearest challenger.

Bolivians also elected all 166 congressional seats. Morales' Movement Toward Socialism party lost seats although it retained a majority in Congress.ˆ 

Morales allied himself with a leftist bloc of Latin American leaders and used revenues from the Andean country's natural gas and minerals to redistribute wealth among the masses and lift millions out of poverty.

Surrounded by nations reeling from economic crises, Bolivia under Morales remains a rare example of stability and growth. The economy has grown by an annual average of about 4.5%, well above the regional average, and the International Monetary Fund predicts it will grow at 4% this year.

But Morales also has faced growing dissatisfaction, especially over his refusal to accept a referendum on limiting presidential terms. While Bolivians voted to maintain term limits in 2016, the country's top court, which is seen by critics as friendly to the president, ruled that limits would violate Morales' political rights as a citizen.

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Associated Press writer Luis Andres Henao in Buenos Aires, Argentina, contributed to this report.

Supporters of opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa, a former president, rally outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help President Evo Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Juan Karita) The Associated Press
A supporter of opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa, a former president, yells holding the Spanish sign "No more lies. I'm not scared!" as police stand guard outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help President Evo Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Juan Karita) The Associated Press
A line of police separate supporters of opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa, a former president, left, from supporters of Bolivian President Evo Morales, who is running for his fourth term, outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz) The Associated Press
Bolivian President Evo Morales speaks to supporters at the presidential palace in La Paz, Bolivia, after a first round presidential election, Sunday, Oct. 20, 2019. Morales led in early returns from the first round of Sunday's presidential election, but he appeared headed to a runoff in the tightest political race of his life. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz) The Associated Press
Bolivia's opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa talks during a press conference at a hotel in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. Mesa denounced irregularities in Sunday's elections. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz) The Associated Press
Supporters of opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa, a former president, hold back a fellow supporter trying to kick supporters of Bolivian President Evo Morales, who is running for a fourth term, as rival groups gather outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz) The Associated Press
Police stand guard as supporters of Bolivian President Evo Morales, who is running for a fourth term, rally outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Juan Karita) The Associated Press
Supporters of opposition presidential candidate Carlos Mesa, a former president, top, use their flag to hit a supporter of Bolivian President Evo Morales, who is running for reelection, his fourth term, as rival groups gather outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Jorge Saenz) The Associated Press
Supporters of Bolivian President Evo Morales, who is running for a fourth term, rally outside the Supreme Electoral Court where election ballots are being counted in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, Oct. 21, 2019. A sudden halt in release of presidential election returns led to confusion and protests in Bolivia on Monday as opponents suggested officials were trying to help Morales avoid a risky runoff. (AP Photo/Juan Karita) The Associated Press
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