The Third Men: Who will advance from the Euro 2016 groups
PARIS (AP) - Third place and you're out. That's the way it used to be.
For the past 20 years, teams that finished in the top two places of a four-team group at the 32-nation World Cup or 16-nation European Championship advanced to the knockout rounds.
A simple formula that everyone could understand.
But one dropped for this Euro 2016, which has been expanded to 24 teams. Getting to a round of 16 means the clear formula of the past two decades has been ditched.
Third place and you've now got a chance.
The best four third-placed teams at Euro 2016 will go through to the round of 16 but the final lineup will only emerge on Wednesday when the group stage ends.
The final Group A matches take place Sunday evening when France plays Switzerland and Romania meets Albania. The team that ends third may have to hang around until Wednesday before knowing if it gets through or goes home.
The teams from Group F - Hungary, Iceland, Portugal and Austria - playing on Wednesday may have an advantage by knowing exactly which kind of result they will need to progress to play a particular opponent in the knockout stages. There are scenarios that teams would rather place third and qualify than second because it may mean playing an easier opponent in the round of 16.
Not since 1994 - at the World Cup in the United States - has one of the two main national-team tournaments worked like this. Here are some things to know about the 24-team system:
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TIEBREAKER RULES
The first three steps in a five-stage tiebreaker process are clear to see.
Points total is the first resort. After two group games, it appears that any third-placed team with four points will almost certainly advance, and those with three have a strong chance, too.
Next, it goes down goal difference. A plus number should be decisive here.
Then it comes down to goals scored. In such a low-scoring tournament - games are averaging fewer than two goals through Saturday - any team with four goals could well have an advantage.
If teams still can't be separated, it gets trickier. Fair play record is the fourth tiebreaker - basically, judging teams by how many yellow and red cards their players got in the three group games.
If that fails to separate at least two teams, then the ultimate decider is their place in the UEFA national team rankings.
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WHO WILL THEY PLAY NEXT?
UEFA will not know its round of 16 until Wednesday evening but the match schedule is already planned.
A matrix of potential outcomes - which looks like a formula table from a high school mathematics class - long ago decided which teams emerging from which groups would play which group winner next.
So if the four best third-placed teams come from groups B, C, E and F, they will respectively play the winners of groups C, B, A and D.
All clear?
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LAST LESSON OF HISTORY
History suggests that Euro 2016 teams need a win and a draw from their three group games to be almost certain to advance.
That is what happened for the third-placed teams at the previous 24-team tournament.
In 1994, no tiebreaker was needed because the four - Argentina, Belgium, United States and Italy - had a points-advantage over the other two third-placed teams.
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WHY BOTHER?
It's basically a result of UEFA's presidential election in 2007 when Michel Platini beat long-time incumbent Lennart Johansson. To reward national federations who voted for him, and shore up future votes, Platini pledged to invite more of UEFA's now 55-strong membership to Europe's biggest national team competition.
A further upside is that more teams mean more matches - 51 instead of 31 in the 16-team format - and more broadcasting revenue. It also means more fervor in countries whose teams have not played at a major tournament for a long time - or ever, in Iceland's case.