How to help your child through the stomach flu

The stomach flu, or viral gastroenteritis, is a common illness in children that can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms.

While the condition usually isn’t too serious, it’s important for parents to know how to manage it and when to seek medical care. Dr. Tara Kotagal, a primary care pediatrician at Lurie Children’s Town & Country Pediatrics, shares valuable insights to help parents navigate this illness.

The stomach flu is caused by viruses that spread easily from person to person. Symptoms often include:

• Diarrhea

• Vomiting

• Nausea

• Stomach pain or cramping

• Loss of appetite

• Low-grade fever

• Muscle aches

“Because these symptoms can overlap with colds or other respiratory illnesses, it’s always a good idea to check in with your child’s health care team if you’re unsure,” advises Dr. Kotagal.

Though the stomach flu and food poisoning share similar symptoms, they have different causes. “The stomach flu is a viral infection spread through person-to-person contact, while food poisoning results from eating contaminated food,” explains Kotagal. Regardless of the cause, treatments like rest, hydration, and simple, bland foods are often effective for both conditions.

When your child has the stomach flu, comfort and care are key. It’s important to:

Keep them hydrated: Offer small sips of clear fluids like water, electrolyte drinks, or diluted juice. Set a timer to remind your child to drink regularly if they’re reluctant.

Provide easy-to-digest foods: Once they’re ready to eat, start with bland foods like bananas, rice, applesauce, or toast. Avoid rich, greasy, or spicy foods while they recover.

Encourage rest: Rest helps the body recover. Keep your child’s activities light until they’re feeling better.

Use over-the-counter medications if needed: For pain or fever, age-appropriate doses of medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help. Always consult your pediatrician before giving any medicine.

Most cases of the stomach flu resolve on their own within a few days. However, it’s important to contact your pediatrician if your child experiences:

• Severe dehydration (e.g., dry mouth, no tears, or significantly fewer wet diapers in babies)

• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea

• High fever

• Blood in their stool

• Signs of severe illness, like lethargy or confusion

“If your child can’t keep fluids down or shows signs of serious illness, don’t hesitate to seek medical care,” says Kotagal.

Preventing the stomach flu starts with good hygiene, according to Kotagal. Children should wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water, especially after using the bathroom or before eating, and avoid sharing food, drinks or utensils with others.

Families should regularly clean and disinfect surfaces, particularly in kitchens and bathrooms. These steps can go a long way in keeping germs at bay.

The stomach flu can be tough on kids, but with proper care and attention, most children recover quickly.

“By focusing on hydration, rest and simple nutrition, parents can help their kids feel better faster,” says Kotagal. If your child’s symptoms worsen or don’t improve, reach out to your pediatrician for guidance.

• Children's health is a continuing series. This column was provided by Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.