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What is potassium hydroxide?

Symptoms from potassium hydroxide exposure sent a dozen people to the hospital following Tuesday's fatal explosion in Arlington Heights.

Potassium hydroxide — or “caustic potash” as it's sometimes known — is a chemical used in everything from soap to fertilizer to batteries. It's also used to produce potassium carbonate, which is used primarily in the manufacture of specialty glasses, such as television tubes, according to the chemical company, ERCO Worldwide.

Exposure to the chemical itself, however, can cause skin and respiratory problems, according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Even though a “very diluted” form of potassium hydroxide was involved in the explosion, Arlington Heights Fire Chief Glenn Eriksen said those who were exposed to it experienced symptoms like coughing, difficulty breathing, burning eyes and headaches.

If potassium hydroxide contacts moisture or water, it can generate heat, react violently, and form a flammable and explosive gas, according to NIOSH's chemical guide.

It also reacts with ammonium salts to produce ammonia, causing a fire hazard, NIOSH said.

As of late Tuesday, investigators were still trying to determine if the potassium hydroxide, a malfunctioning piece of machinery, or both contributed to the accident.

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