Get new trees and shrubs planted in early fall

Fall is a great time to plant and transplant trees and shrubs. Fall conditions, which include warm soil, moderate air temperatures and usually rain, help plants re-establish their root systems.

In general, trees and shrubs do not need to be pruned when transplanted to compensate for loss of roots during transplanting.

Evergreens benefit from planting early in the fall to minimize chances of winter burn. Try to get them planted before the middle of October and continue watering them weekly or as needed until the ground is frozen. They should not go into winter under stress from being too dry.

Mulch is also important to install for fall plantings - use 2 to 3 inches of mulch for trees and shrubs and 1 to 2 inches for perennials and ground covers. It is best to keep the mulch away from the crown (base) of the plants.

Water any plants you are planning to transplant a couple days before you do the work if conditions are very dry. This will reduce stress on the plants.

• The recent hot and dry weather has put additional stress on plants. Be sure to check any plants you have installed over the last three years to see if they need supplemental water. Pay very close attention to the plants you installed this year, as the dry conditions can more quickly damage them.

• Good soil preparation is important for a successful planting. It is best to amend the entire planting area or bed instead of individual holes. Evenly incorporate 2 to 3 inches of compost into existing garden soil.

• Tim Johnson is director of horticulture at Chicago Botanic Garden, chicagobotanic.org.